Faculty & Research
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Schmid, Katharina
Education
- PhD in Social Psychology. Queens University of Belfast
- BSc in Applied Psychology. University of Ulster
Biography
Katharina is an Associate Professor in Organizational Behaviour in the Department of People Management and Organization.
Before joining ESADE, Katharina held a faculty position as lecturer and senior researcher at University of Oxford. She has also held a position as Research Fellow at the Max-Planck-Institute for the study of ethnic and religious diversity in Germany.
Katharina holds a PhD in Social Psychology, as well as a BSc Hons in Applied Psychology. Her research interests lie broadly in social and organizational psychology, and organizational behaviour. Her current research falls into three inter-related areas:
1 Social identity and intergroup dynamics: This research examines key processes by means of which relations within and between groups and teams can be managed and conflict can be resolved. Additionally, this work examines the role of social identity processes in well-being and health.
2 Managing multiple groups: This research considers how individuals make sense of and perceive their multiple group memberships, with a specific focus on antecedents and consequences of social identity complexity.
3 Diversity, prejudice and stereotyping: This line of research examines the correlates and consequences of diversity in various contexts, in order to understand how the potential challenges of diversity can be effectively managed, how intra- and intergroup trust can be built, and how prejudice can be reduced.
Katharina's work has been published in leading academic journals, including Psychological Science, Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, and Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. Her research has also been cited in media reports e.g., The Guardian. She is an Associate Editor for the journal Group Processes and Intergroup Relations.
Selected publications
- Bonomi Bezzo, F., Silva, L., Laurence, J. & Schmid, K. (2024). Does personality matter? Exploring its moderating role on the relationship between neighbourhood ethnic outgroup-size and preferences for Brexit. European Societies, 26 (4), pp. 1012-1045. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/14616696.2023.2277279.
- Schäfer, S. J., Kros, M., Hewstone, M., Schmid, K., Fell, B., Jaspers, E., Kauff, M., Lemmer, G. & Christ, O. (2024). Differential effects of positive versus negative contact: The importance of distinguishing valence from intensity. Group Processes and Intergroup Relations. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1177/13684302241258070.
- Tyrala, M., Urbanek, A., Valko, D., van der Linden, S., van Schie, K., van Stekelenburg, A., Vanags, E., Västfjäll, D., Vesely, S., Vintr, J., Vranka, M., Wanguche, P. O., Willer, R., Wojcik, A. D., Xu, R., Yadav, A., Zawisza, M., Zhao, X., Zhao, J., ¿uk, D. & Van Bavel, J. J. (2024). Addressing climate change with behavioral science: A global intervention tournament in 63 countries. Science Advances, 10 (6), eadj5778. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1126/sciadv.adj5778.
- De keersmaecker, J., Schmid, K., Sibley, C. G. & Osborne, D. (2024). The association between political orientation and political knowledge in 45 nations. Scientific Reports, 14 (1), 2590. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-024-53114-z.
- Schemmerling, M., Friehs, M. T., Kotzur, P. F., Bastias, F., De keersmaecker, J., Macedo, F. G., Neto, F., Neto, J., Pietraszkiewicz, A., Schmid, K., Sczesny, S., Torres, C. & Boehnke, K. (2023). Comparing Social Perceptions of Culturally Emic Protagonists Using the Stereotype Content Model A Scale Development and Adaption Process Across Four Languages and Eight Countries. Psychological Test Adaptation and Development, 4 (1), pp. 350-362. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1027/2698-1866/a000067.
- Mesesan Schmitz, L., Mullabaeva, N., Neto, F., Neto, J., Ozturk, M., Paschenko, S., Pietraszkiewicz, A., Psaltis, C., Qiu, Y., Rupar, M., Samekin, A., Schmid, K., Sczesny, S., Sun, Y., Svedholm-Häkkinen, A. M., Szymkow, A., Teye-Kwadjo, E., Torres, C., Vieira, L., Yahiiaiev, I. & Yzerbyt, V. (2023). Author Correction: Warmth and competence perceptions of key protagonists are associated with containment measures during the COVID-19 pandemic: Evidence from 35 countries Scientific Reports, 2022, 12, 1, 21277, 10.1038/s41598-022-25228-9. Scientific Reports, 13 (1), 648. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-023-27832-9.
- Al Ramiah, A., Christ, O., Dhont, K., Hewstone, M., Kauff, M., Rothmann, S., Saleem, M., Savelkoul, M., Schmid, K., Swart, H., Tausch, N., Van Assche, J., Wölfer, R. & Zahreddine, S. (2023). Intergroup contact is reliably associated with reduced prejudice, even in the face of group threat and discrimination. American Psychologist, 78 (6), pp. 761-774. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1037/amp0001144.
- Silva, L., Bonomi Bezzo, F., Laurence, J. & Schmid, K. (2023). Effects of absolute levels of neighbourhood ethnic diversity vs. changes in neighbourhood diversity on prejudice: Moderation by individual differences in personality. Social Science Research, 115, 102919. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ssresearch.2023.102919.
- Schmid, K. (2023). Selective exposure bias predicts views on diversity over time. Psychonomic Bulletin and Review, 30 (1), pp. 401-406. DOI: https://doi.org/10.3758/s13423-022-02167-0.
- Van Rooy, D., Verschuere, B., Wagge, J. R., Walters, E. R., Warhurst, A. C., Webster, L. A. D., Wege, T. E., Xenidou Dervou, I., Yapan, S., Zein, R. A., Zsido, A. N., Adamkovic, M., Akay, N., Garrido Vásquez, P., Gilligan Lee, K. A., Milovanovic, I., O'Connor, P. A., Reyes Rodríguez, M. F., Sen, H. H., Tekes, B. & Xenidou Dervou, I. (2023). Data from an International Multi-Centre Study of Statistics and Mathematics Anxieties and Related Variables in University Students the SMARVUS Dataset. DOI: https://doi.org/10.5334/jopd.80.
- Brambilla, M., Dilly, S., Durante, F., Friehs, M., Gale, J., Grigoryev, D., Hellert, L., Herzig, J. A., Hübner, D., Igou, E. R., Javakhishvili, N., Kienmoser, D., Kotzur, P. F., Kraus, C., Rückwardt, A., Schemmerling, M., Schmid, K., Stanciu, A. & Ulizcay, V. (2022). Warmth and competence perceptions of key protagonists are associated with containment measures during the COVID-19 pandemic: Evidence from 35 countries. Scientific Reports, (21277). DOI: https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-022-25228-9.
- De keersmaecker, J., Schmid, K., Brashier, N. & Unkelbach, C. (2022). The Cognitive ShortcutThat Clouds Decision-Making. MIT Sloan Management Review, 64 (1), pp. 44-48.
- Bennet, M., Parameshwaran, M., Ramos, M. & Schmid, K. (2022). Effects of neighbourhood religious diversity and religious and national identity on neighbourhood trust. Group Processes and Intergroup Relations, 25, pp. 1248-1268. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1177/1368430221990095.
- Rae, J. R., Skinner-Dorkenoo, A. L., Reiman, A. K., Schmid, K. & Hewstone, M. (2022). Mixed Evidence for Interactive Effects of Outgroup Proportions and Intergroup Contact on Racial Bias in the United States. Social Psychological and Personality Science, 13 (2), pp. 476-489. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1177/19485506211027756.
- De keersmaecker, J., Schmid, K. & van der Linden, S. (2022). Emissions cuts take political and social innovation too. Nature, 602 (7895), pp. 33. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1038/d41586-022-00219-y.
- Schmid, K. (2022). Macro-diversity and intergroup attitudes. The Cambridge handbook of political psychology (pp. 243-257).
- Kamble, S. V. & Schmid, K. (2022). Intergroup contact fosters more inclusive social identities. Group Processes and Intergroup Relations, 25, pp. 133-157. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1177/1368430220960795.
- Reimer, N. K., Schmid, K., Hewstone, M. & Ramiah, A. A. (2022). Self-Categorization and Social Identification. Theories in Social Psychology, Second Edition (pp. 273-295). Wiley. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1002/9781394266616.ch11.
- Schäfer, S. J., Simsek, M., Jaspers, E., Kros, M., Hewstone, M., Schmid, K., Fell, B., Dorrough, A. R., Glöckner, A. & Christ, O. (2022). Dynamic Contact Effects: Individuals' Positive and Negative Contact History Influences Intergroup Contact Effects in a Behavioral Game. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 123 (1), pp. 107-122. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1037/pspi0000374.
- Spiegler, O., Schmid, K., Saleem, M., Hewstone, M. & Benet-Martínez, V. (2022). Dual identity, bicultural identity integration and social identity complexity among Muslim minority adolescents. Self & Identity, 21 (3), pp. 257-277. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/15298868.2021.1912819.
- Schmid, K. (2021). Pro-diversity beliefs and intergroup relations. European Review of Social Psychology, 32, pp. 269-304. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/10463283.2020.1853377.
- van Zalk, M. H., Kotzur, P. F., Schmid, K., Al Ramiah, A. & Hewstone, M. (2021). Adolescent Development of Interethnic Attitudes Following a Social Intervention to Increase Intergroup Contact: The Moderating Role of Affective Forecasting. Developmental Psychology, 57 (6), pp. 1000-1017. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1037/dev0001194.
- Christ, O. & Schmid, K. (2020). When good for business is not good enough: Effects of pro-diversity beliefs and instrumentality of diversity on intergroup attitudes. PLOS ONE, 15, pp. e0234179-e0234179. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0234179.
- Laurence, J., Rae, J. & Schmid, K. (2019). Prejudice, contact, and threat at the diversity-segregation nexus: A cross-sectional and longitudinal analysis of how ethnic out-group size and segregation interrelate for inter-group relations. Social Forces: An International Journal of Social Research, 97, pp. 1029-1066. DOI: https://doi.org/doi.org/10.1093/sf/soy079.
- Laurence, J., Schmid, K. & Hewstone, M. (2019). Ethnic diversity, ethnic threat, and social cohesion: re-evaluating the role of perceived out-group threat and prejudice in the relationship between community ethnic diversity and intra-community cohesion. Journal of Ethnic and Migration Studies, 45 (3), pp. 395-418. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/1369183X.2018.1490638.
- Wölfer, R., Christ, O., Schmid, K., Tausch, N., Buchallik, F. M., Vertovec, S. & Hewstone, M. (2019). Indirect contact predicts direct contact: Longitudinal evidence and the mediating role of intergroup anxiety. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 116 (2), pp. 277-295. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1037/pspi0000146.
- Floe, C., Hewstone, M., New, R., Ramiah, A. A., Schmid, K., Wölfer, R. & Zalk, M. v. (2018). Influence of segregation versus mixing: Intergroup contact and attitudes among White-British and Asian-British students in high schools in Oldham, England. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1177/1477878518779879.
- Hewstone, M., Laurence, J. & Schmid, K. (2018). Ethnic diversity, inter-group attitudes and countervailing pathways of positive and negative inter-group contact: An analysis across workplaces and neighbourhoods. Social Indicators Research: An International and Interdisciplinary Journal for Quality-of-life Measurement, 136, pp. 719-749. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11205-017-1570-z.
- Gollwitzer, M., Green, E. G., Oriane, S. & Schmid, K. (2017). Advanced multilevel modeling for a science of groups: A short primer on multilevel structural equation modeling. Group Dynamics: Theory, Research and Practice, 21, pp. 121-134. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1037/gdn0000065.
- Schmid, K., Wölfer, R., Swart, H., Christ, O., Al Ramiah, A., Vertovec, S. & Hewstone, M. (2017). The "Wallpaper Effect" Revisited: Divergent Findings on the Effects of Intergroup Contact on Attitudes in Diverse Versus Nondiverse Contexts. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 43 (9), pp. 1268-1283. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1177/0146167217711929.
- Reimer, N. K., Becker, J. C., Benz, A., Christ, O., Dhont, K., Klocke, U., Neji, S., Rychlowska, M., Schmid, K. & Hewstone, M. (2017). Intergroup Contact and Social Change: Implications of Negative and Positive Contact for Collective Action in Advantaged and Disadvantaged Groups. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 43 (1), pp. 121-136. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1177/0146167216676478.
- Kauff, M., Green, E. G., Schmid, K., Hewstone, M. & Christ, O. (2016). Effects of majority members' positive intergroup contact on minority members' support for ingroup rights: Mobilizing or demobilizing effects?. European Journal of Social Psychology, 46 (7), pp. 833-839. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1002/ejsp.2194.
- Schmid, K. & van Zalk, M. (2016). Developmental dynamics of intergroup contact and intergroup attitudes: Long-term effects in adolescence and early adulthood. Child Development, 87, pp. 1466-1478. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/cdev.12598.
- Al Ramiah, A., Hewstone, M., Kauff, M., Lolliot, S. & Schmid, K. (2016). Intergroup contact effects via ingroup distancing among majority and minority groups: Moderation by social dominance orientation. PLOS ONE, 11, pp. 1-28. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0146895.
- van Dommelen, A., Schmid, K., Hewstone, M., Gonsalkorale, K. & Brewer, M. (2015). Construing multiple in-groups: Assessing social identity inclusiveness and structure in ethnic and religious minority group members. European Journal of Social Psychology, 45 (3), pp. 386-399. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1002/ejsp.2095.
- Floe, C. & Schmid, K. (2015). Why are all the White Asian kids sitting together in the cafeteria? The role of intergroup attributions and norms. British Journal of Social Psychology, 54, pp. 100-124. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/bjso.12064.
- Muldoon, O. & Schmid, K. (2015). Perceived intergroup threat, social identification and psychological wellbeing: The effects of political conflict exposure. Political Psychology, 36, pp. 75-92. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/pops.12073.
- Schmid, K. (2015). Diversity, trust and intergroup attitudes: Underlying processes and mechanisms. Social cohesion in diverse societies: Mechanisms, conditions and causality (pp. 143-163).
- Lolliot, S., Fell, B., Schmid, K., Wölfer, R., Swart, H., Voci, A., Christ, O., New, R. & Hewstone, M. (2015). Measures of Intergroup Contact. Measures of Personality and Social Psychological Constructs (pp. 652-683). Elsevier Inc.. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-12-386915-9.00023-1.
- Schmid, K., Son, E. & Wölfer, R. (2015). Diversity and intergroup contact in schools. Social cohesion and immigration in Europe and North America: Mechanisms, conditions, and causality (pp. 202-228).
- Hewstone, M., Floe, C., Schmid, K., Son, E., Wölfer, R., Lolliot, S. & Al Ramiah, A. (2014). Diversity and intergroup contact in schools. Social Cohesion and Immigration in Europe and North America (pp. 208-228). Taylor and Francis Ltd.. DOI: https://doi.org/10.4324/9781315775975.
- Schmid, K., Hewstone, M. & Al Ramiah, A. (2014). Diversity, trust, and intergroup attitudes. Social Cohesion and Immigration in Europe and North America (pp. 143-163). Taylor and Francis Ltd.. DOI: https://doi.org/10.4324/9781315775975.
- Hewstone, M. & Schmid, K. (2014). Neighborhood ethnic diversity and orientations toward Muslims in Britain: The role of intergroup contact. The Political Quarterly, 85, pp. 320-325. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/1467-923X.12098.
- Hewstone, M., Schmid, K. & Tausch, N. (2014). Secondary transfer effects of intergroup contact via social identity complexity. British Journal of Social Psychology, 53, pp. 443-462. DOI: https://doi.org/0.1111/bjso.12045.
- Küpper, B., Schmid, K. & Zick, A. (2014). Reducing aggressive intergroup action tendencies: Effects of intergroup contact via perceived intergroup threat. Aggressive Behavior, 40, pp. 250-262. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1002/ab.21516.
- Christ, O., Schmid, K., Lolliot, S., Swart, H., Stolle, D., Tausch, N., Ramiah, A. A., Wagner, U., Vertovec, S. & Hewstone, M. (2014). Contextual effect of positive intergroup contact on outgroup prejudice. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 111 (11), pp. 3996-4000. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1320901111.
- Schmid, K., Ramiah, A. A. & Hewstone, M. (2014). Neighborhood Ethnic Diversity and Trust: The Role of Intergroup Contact and Perceived Threat. Psychological Science, 25 (3), pp. 665-674. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1177/0956797613508956.
- Christ, O., Fell, B., New, R., Schmid, K., Voci, A. & Wölfer, R. (2014). Measures of intergroup contact. Measures of personality and social psychological constructs (pp. 652-683).
- Schmid, K., Hewstone, M. & Al Ramiah, A. (2014). Diversity, trust, and intergroup attitudes. Social Cohesion and Immigration in Europe and North America (pp. 143-164). Taylor and Francis Ltd.. DOI: https://doi.org/10.4324/9781315775975-17.
- Hewstone, M., Floe, C., Al Ramiah, A., Schmid, K., Son, E., Wölfer, R. & Lolliot, S. (2014). Diversity and intergroup contact in schools. Social Cohesion and Immigration in Europe and North America (pp. 208-228). Taylor and Francis Ltd.. DOI: https://doi.org/10.4324/9781315775975-21.
- Heywood, J., Petermann, S., Schmid, K., Schmitt, T., Schoenwaelder, K., Stolle, D. & Vertovec, S. (2013). Immigration-related diversity and trust in German cities: The role of intergroup contact. Journal of Elections, Public Opinion and Parties, pp. 279-298.
- Schmid, K., Hewstone, M. & Ramiah, A. A. (2013). Neighborhood Diversity and Social Identity Complexity: Implications for Intergroup Relations. Social Psychological and Personality Science, 4 (2), pp. 135-142. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1177/1948550612446972.
- Schmid, K. (2013). Generalized effects of intergroup contact: The secondary transfer effect. Advances in intergroup contact (pp. 81-112).
- Newheiser, A., Schmid, K. & Voci, A. (2013). Social-psychological aspects of religion and prejudice: Evidence from survey and experimental research. Religion, intolerance, and conflict: A scientific and conceptual investigation (pp. 107-125). DOI: https://doi.org/10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199640911.003.0006.
- Carlisle, K., Hughes, J., Lolliot, S. & Schmid, K. (2012). Sharing classes between separate schools: a mechanism for improving inter-group relations in Northern Ireland?. DOI: https://doi.org/10.2304/pfie.2012.10.5.528.
- Arcalean, C. G., Glomm, G., Schiopu, I. & Schmid, K. (2012). Growth effects of spatial redistribution policies. Journal of Economic Dynamics and Control, 36 (7), pp. 988-1008. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jedc.2012.01.004.
- Küpper, B., Schmid, K., Wagner, U. & Zick, A. (2012). Secondary transfer effects of intergroup contact: a cross-national comparison in Europe. Social Psychology Quarterly, 75, pp. 28-51. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1177/0190272511430235.
- Lolliot, S., Schmid, K., Hewstone, M., Ramiah, A. A., Tausch, N. & Swart, H. (2012). Generalized effects of intergroup contact. Advances in Intergroup Contact (pp. 81-112). Taylor and Francis Ltd.. DOI: https://doi.org/10.4324/9780203095461.
- Schmid, K. & Hewstone, M. (2011). Social identity complexity. Social Cognition, Social Identity, and Intergroup Relations (pp. 77-102). Taylor and Francis Ltd..
- Cairns, E., Hughes, J. & Schmid, K. (2011). Extended contact effects as a function of closeness of relationship with ingroup contacts. Group Processes and Intergroup Relations, 14, pp. 239-254. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1177/1368430210390534.
- Schmid, K. (2011). Social identity and intergroup conflict. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12646-011-0075-0.
- Tausch, N., Schmid, K. & Hewstone, M. (2011). The social psychology of intergroup relations. Handbook on Peace Education (pp. 75-86). Taylor and Francis Ltd..
- Glomm, G., Ravikumar, B. & Schmid, K. (2011). The Political Economy of Education Funding. Handbook of the Economics of Education (pp. 615-680). Elsevier B.V.. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-444-53444-6.00009-2.
- Schmid, K. & Hewstone, M. (2011). Social identity complexity. Social Cognition Social Identity and Intergroup Relations (pp. 77-102). Taylor and Francis Ltd.. DOI: https://doi.org/10.4324/9780203816790.
- Schmid, K. (2011). Self-categorization and social identification: Making sense of us and them. Theories in social psychology (pp. 211-231).
- Arcalean, C. G., Glomm, G., Schiopu, I., Schmid, K. & Suedekum, J. (2010). Public budget composition, fiscal decentralization, and welfare. Canadian Journal of Economics, 43 (3), pp. 832-859. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1540-5982.2010.01597.x.
- Tausch, N., Hewstone, M., Kenworthy, J. B., Psaltis, C., Schmid, K., Popan, J. R., Cairns, E. & Hughes, J. (2010). Secondary transfer effects of intergroup contact: Alternative accounts and underlying processes. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 99 (2), pp. 282-302. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1037/a0018553.
- Schmid, K. & Hewstone, M. (2010). Combined Effects of Intergroup Contact and Multiple Categorization. The Psychology of Social and Cultural Diversity (pp. 297-321). Wiley-Blackwell. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1002/9781444325447.ch13.
- Arcalean, C. G., Schiopu, I. & Schmid, K. (2010). Public versus private investment and growth in a hierarchical education system. Journal of Economic Dynamics and Control, 34 (4), pp. 604-622. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jedc.2009.11.006.
- Lowe, R. D., Muldoon, O. & Schmid, K. (2010). Expected and Unexpected Identity Combinations in Northern Ireland. On Behalf of Others . Oxford University Press OUP. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1093/acprof:oso/9780195385557.003.0013.
- Schmid, K., Hewstone, M., Tausch, N., Jenkins, R., Hughes, J. & Cairns, E. (2010). Identities, groups and communities. The SAGE Handbook of Identities (pp. 455-475). SAGE Publications. DOI: https://doi.org/10.4135/9781446200889.n24.
- Schmid, K., Hewstone, M., Tausch, N., Cairns, E. & Hughes, J. (2009). Antecedents and consequences of Social identity complexity: Intergroup contact, distinctiveness threat, and outgroup attitudes. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 35 (8), pp. 1085-1098. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1177/0146167209337037.
- Downes, C. & Schmid, K. (2009). Political violence and psychological well-being: the role of social identity. Applied Psychology: An International Review, 58, pp. 129-145. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1464-0597.2008.00385.x.
- Cairns, E., Hughes, J. & Schmid, K. (2008). The effects of living in segregated vs. mixed areas in Northern Ireland: A simultaneous test of contact and threat effects in the context of micro-level neighbourhoods. International Journal of Conflict and Violence, pp. 56-71.